Pneumatic system



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11,462,842 B. s. AIKMAN PNEUMATI C SYSTEM Filed Aug. 19, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet l .muy 24, ma M6284@ E. S. AIKMAN l PNEUMAT'IG SYSTEM Filed Aug. 19, 1921 mmHg-sheet 2 July 241, E923.

IB. S. AIKMAN PNEUMATIC SYSTEM' Filed Aug. 19 1921 TTL/: Hase 77h@ Hose y; .Zi

o TJre H056 v. Pamesa July 2a, was.

U i' s intacta PATENT @FFHCCIZG BURTON S. AIAN, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 NATIONAL'BRAKE & ELECTRIC CONSIN.

COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION QI' TWIS-v rNEUMATrC SYSTEM.

IApplication le'd August 19, 1921. Serial No. 493,566.

To all 'whom it may concem:

Be it known that I, BURTON S. AIKMAN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Milwaukee in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented a. certain new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Systems, of which the following is a full, clear,y concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawinOs, forming a part of this specification.

Iy invention relates'to pneumatic systems,

and more particularly to the mechanism for controlling the generation and distribution of motive Huid in a system of this character.

l Vliile I shall illustrate and describe' my invention in connection with a watersupply system of the pneumatic displacement and faucet controlled type. to which my' invention is eculiarly adapted,'[ do not intendto limit vthe invention to this particular use.

In systems of this character, air is stored in a reservoir at a pressure considerably higher than the pressure required for operation of the pump, and it is supplied to the pump or other operating device through a pressure reducing valve which holds a substantially constant low pressure upon the pumpor other air operated device.

It is sometimes desirable in systems of this character to throw full reservoir pressure upon the pump or other device as, for i n stance, in supplying wat-er for `lire extinguishing purposes.

I'provide, according to the' present invention,` a control valve contaimng a pressure regulating valve andfurther means for bypassing the pressure regulating valve, so that by the throw of a lever or other simple movement which is under mamal control, the full reservoir pressure may be applied to the pump 'or other device. By an operatlon equally simple, the by-pass maybe closed,

and the function of the regulating valve restored. In this way, I do not disturb the setting or adjustment of the pressure regulating valve in any manner. t

In situations where the compressor fis manually started as is often the case where a gas engine drives the compressor, it is customary .o start the compressor at once when full pressure is desired on the pump, so that the pressure in the reservoir will not at once be depleted.

In systems WhereA an electric motor or other means suitable for automatic stopping and starting is provided and an automatic controller is used, it would be necessary either to manipulate the automatic ,controller, or else to wait until the pressure in the reservoir is depleted to minimum `to start troller for starting and stoppin the com- .pressor, so Vthat the attainment o maximum pressure in the tank automaticallystops the compressor, even though the regulating valve is by-passed. I accomplish this function by connecting the automatic controller -to the f main reservoir through the control-valve and vcause the control valve to make a reduction in pressure in the controller connection when the valve is shifted from one position to' another. But the control valve again establishes full connectionbetween the controller andthe regulator as soon as a movement is completed so that the regulator can function to cut out the operation of the compressor if the maximum tank pressure is reached.

In pneumatic systems of this type, there is sometimes va demand for air for miscellaneous purposes. at a pressure considerably higher than the minimum of the tank. For instance,- on `a farm or a. suburban place where a pneumaticdisplac'ement water supply system is employed, it is often desirable to provide means for inflating automobile tires and the like. The pressure that is required is considerably above that at which the usual water supply system operates, and should be relatively high to insure quick and certain filling of the tires. This means that substantialiy maximum pressure 4of the reservoir is desirable. In general, it would be cey 'l the supply pipe may be accomplished withsame time, I, provide' means for making a re` duction 1n pressure 1n the connection beout disturbing the water system and its automatic pressure regulating valve. At the 2. tween the automatic controller and the tank,

so that the compressor will'be started at once. 'This is desirable, since the lower portionof the pressure range between maximum and minimumis not suiiicient for the service required, and vit is necessary to pump up the pressure in the tank. This connection also does not disable the automatic'c'ontroller, l.for its function of cutting out the `action of the compressor as soon as `the pressure in the tank att-ains the maximum.

The control mechanism shown and described herein makes provision for these three conditions or demands above enumerated; first, normal or. automatic pressure regulating condition; second, lire condition; and third tireilling condition.

I provide a simple, unitary valve struct-ure nfor A'controlling the system to' satisfy the above conditions.

In order to vacquaint those skilled in the art with the preferred embodiment of my invention, I shall now describe the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawin?, in which:

igure 1 is au diagrammatic illustration showing a svstem embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse' vertical section taken through the pressure regulating valve;

Figure 3v isl a front elevation of the valve, indicating the different -position of the handle for securing the desired operations;

Figure 4 is a' vertical section of the controller;

Figure 5 is a rearqelevation of the manual valve Casin viewed on line 5%-5 of Figure 2 looking in t edirection of the arrow.;

Figure 6 is a section taken online 6--6 of 'Figure 5. looking inthe direction of'thear;y

rows;

.Figu y Fig. 8 `through that part of the valve memper comprising thereservoir and pump inets; i

Figure-8 is a section of the same portion of the valve taken on the line 8-.8 of Fig. 7

ne 7` is a Section akenon line 7 7 bf submerged in the water 2 of the,well 3.V This pump. has the usual water inlet and outlet Yvalves and compressed air admission and exhaust valves (not shown). The pump has a water discharge connection 4 connected to the water discharge pipe`5 through a suitable check valve 6. The water discharge pipe leads to the combined steady flow chamber and air injector 7, and from thence leads to the outlets, in this case shown as the fau` cets8 and lire hose 50. The combined steady flow chamber and injector 7 are shown and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 456,842, filed March 30, 1921 to which reference may be had for further description. The pump l is supplied with compressed air from a reservoir 10 through a pressure reducing valve 11 and pipe 12, for discharging the`water into the distributing system. The pump is 4provided with an ex'- haust pipe .13.'v

The reservoir 10 may be re-charged by means of a'compressor 14, which may be driven by any sultable power device, in this case the motor 15. An automatic controller and cut-off valve 16 is connected between the reservoir 10 and compressor 14. This automatic controller has a `diaphragm chamber 19 connected to the reservoir 1Q through pipe 20 and valve 11. The diaphragm 23 is normally subject to the pressure in the reservoir so as to control the starting and stopping of the motor 15 and compressor 14 automatically. This is accomplished by controlling the `motor circuit by the pressure controlled switch 17, which may be of any preferred character. The particular controller switch which I have illustrated is known in the art as a type CD-3 governor.

The automatic controller and shui'-l valve 16 is disclosed and claimed in my copending application', Serial No. 456,843, and filed March 30, 1921. but, I shall describe this device-16 so as to convey a general understanding of its operation and the particular relation it has to the present arrangement. v

The vmovable switch Contact 18 is controlled by the diaphragm 23 which is subjected on its lower side to the pressure in the chamber 19, this chamber being in communication with the reservoir 10 through pipe 20, control valve 11, and pipe 21. A

.Laeaaaa sure of the diaphragm. The collar 27 hasV a groove which embraces a transverse rod 28 connected to thesides of the levers 29,

which levers are pinned upon a common cross shaft or pivot 30 at the rear of the controller or governor. The Levers 29 are connected together by a snap spring (not shown)` to form artoggle mechanism with short arms 31`at 'the'outer end, the arms 31 carrying the movable contact 18. This contact -is connected to one side of the circuit.

The other side of the circuit is connected to the stationary contact 32. The toggle action of levers 29`and arms 31 provide a quick movement of contact'18 in engaging and breaking with contact 32. y

The compressor 14 and tank 1() areconnected through pipes\33 and 34, which are separated by a valve casing 35 which serves as a suitable support for thecontroller 17.`

The valve casing contains 'a )passageway therethrough, which is obstructed` by the Walls 36 and 37, the wall'f36 having a passageway 30' therethrough, normally obstructed by'a ball check valve 38, this check valve 38-being guided by a tubular extension 39 of the pop valve 40. The wall 37 contains a passageway 41, which passage- I 'Way is controlled by a cut-oil' valve 42. This valve 42 has astem 43, which is flute/d to permit the air to pass the same. The stem 43 passes through a cover plate 44, lupon which rests a spring 45 tending to raise the valve 42 against aslot-46 which is formed 'in the cover plate A button 47 :oi insulation material lies above the stem and engages -the under side of the contact 18,A so that Awhen the contact islowered,` the button will' be pressed downand will engage thel stem to open the valve -42 away 'from-its upper seat 46 and close lit against'the lower seat. The air confined 'in pipe 33-will rapidly esca e, therebyunloadingthe compressor.

, he control valve 11, as illustrated in Figure 1, has 'four connections leading thereto, namely, the reservoir pipe 21, the

controller pipe 20, the air. pipe 1'2 to the pump and a connection 48 leading to the tire ose 49.

vide a valve casing 51 with an inlet andan outlet on opposite sides, the valve mechafnism. being set in al vertical bore 52 in said casing. is`vertical bore'52 is directly con# nected to the air inlet 53, which, in turn, is

connected with the air reservoir 10 through. the pipe 21. The air inlet, which goes to the air pressure/to the pump 1.

' As shown in Figures 2, 3,17 and 8, `Ipro- Water pump, is indicated at 54. lt is directly connected with the axial bore 55 which is separated from the axial valve chamber 52 by means of the partition 56, in which an axial opening 57 is provided.

A valve 58 is disposed for vertical movement in the valve chamber 52` and itis provided with a yielding face 59, which is adapted to cooperate witlrthe valve seat 60 surrounding the opening 57. The top of the valve chamber 52 is closed by a screw plug 61` between which and the valve 58 a spring y 62 is disposed. Threaded into the valve m member 58 is a stem 63 which extends downwardly through the opening 57 for engagement with the diaphragm stem 76.

The underside of the casing 51 is flared out to form the upper portion of' a diaphragm chamber 64 defined in part by a flexible diaphragm 65 clamped to the flange 66 of the casing 51 by means of the lower cover plate 67 and the screws 68. 68. Threaded into the lower cover plate 67 is a` downwardly extending post 69 at the bottom of which a circular plate 74 is supported upon a nut 70, the latter being held in place by means of a lock nut 71. A collar 72 loosely surrounds the post 69 and a coiled spring 73 is disposed between the plate 74 and the collar 72.

Between the diaphragm 65 and the lower cover plate 67, a`diaphragm plate 75 is disposed. This plate, by means of pins 76 eX- tending through the lower cover plat-e 67. is mechanically connected with the collar 67, so

vthat the influence of the spring 73 upon the collar 72 may be transmitted to the diaphragm plate 75 and in turn to the diaphragm 65. ,f A stem 76 is mounted loosely in t-he axial bore 55, this stem being so arranged that,"'at the top, it may engage with the valve stem 163, which has hereinbefore been referred to. The v'stem 76 is preferably formed integral at its lower end with the diaphragm plate 75, passing through the diaphragm 65 in al gas tight joint, being threaded at that point and for a short distance thereabove to accommodate the nut 77 which tightly holds a washer 78 against the 115 diaphragm.

The description thus far given of the reducer vvalve is of that portion of the entire device 11 relating-to the reduction of the 1 20 The valve casing 51 is provided with a flat face having a circular flange 80 whichl is disposed preferably parallel tothe axial passageway 52-57. Between the flange 8O and air inlet 53 and air outlet 54. two cham- 125 bers 81 and 82 are provided, the chamber 81 communicating with the `air inlet and with a port 83 in the flange 80, and the chamber 82 communicating with the air out--A let 54 and a port 84ialso inl the flange 80.` 130 A rotary valve casing 85 is mounted on the flange 80 of the valve casing 51 by means of the fiange 86 and bolts 87, with a gasket 89 interposed between the flanges. The valve casing 85 is provided with the tapered rotary valve bore 88 which is adapted to receive the rotary valve 90, compression spring 91 holds the valve 90 to seat in the bore 88.

The outer ,end of the valve 90 is reduced to receive a handle 92, upon which is formed a pointer 93 to indicate externally the angular position of the valve 90 within the casing 85. When the handle 92 is moved to the right, say on the dotted line indicated by letter F,th e rotary valve 90 by-passes air at reservoir pressure tothe pipe 12. When the handle 92 is moved to left` to the dotted line indicated by letter T, the rotary valve 90 is set to supply air at reservoir pressure to the tire hose 49.

Referring now to Figure 6, it will be seen thatthe valve-*casing 85 is provided withV passageways 94 and 95, which have/connection with cross passageways 96 and 97 respectively, formed by drilling radially into the body 85 and then plugging-,the outer ends by the plugs 98. The port 83., in the valve casing 51 registers with the passage 94', While the port 84 also in the valve casing 51 registers with the passage 95. Hence,

. the pressure in the passage 94 will be equal 'iso to that of the reservoir. y casing 85 isalso provided with a threaded pipe socket 100 communicating with `the axial tapered bore 88 through the port 101.

Pipe 48 leading to the tire hose 49 connects with the socket 100 for supplying air from vthe reservoir 10 for tire filling purposes.

Opposite to this socket 100 is a socket 102 to which is connected the pipe 20 leading to the automatic controller 16.z This socket 102 communicates with the inner end of the axial bore 88 through a port 103. The ro-.

tary valve 90 has a central borey running out to the ports 105 and 106 which extend laterally tothe surface of the plug or valve 90. A peripheral passageway 107 lying between the ports 105 and 106 communicates with the centralbore 104 by` means of the/restricted 'radial passageway 108.

lThe operation of the device is as follows: Assume that the system -is in` operation and the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. The pressure in the pump line 12I will be maintained at a certain value, suficient to drive the water through the pipe 5 to the outlets'vS. If the faucet 8 or the hose 50 is opened water. Hows therefrom due to the automatic operation. of the pump 1. When the pressure in the reservoir 10 falls'below minimum, the automatic controller 16 is actuated t0 close the motor circuit. The motor 15 then drives the compressor to restore the pressureto maximum before the circuit is broken. The pressure supplied The rotary valve to the pump is .automatically maintained at a given value by the reducing valve 11, which is set to give suitable pressure at the faucets when the pump l is delivering its` rated capacity. l l

The compressedv air passes from the reservoir 10 through the pip`e 21, through the air inlet 53 and flows to the valve chamber 52 and also' to the chamber 81. It will be' seen from Figure2 that this compressed air will act on the valve member 58 with the tendency to hold the same upon its seat 60, The spring 73 is adjusted by the nuts 70 and 7l and.plate 74 to have a sufficient strength to balance the spring 62 and equal- 1ze\ the'pressur'e of air at 'the desired re-\ duced pressure actingl upon the top of the diaphragm 65. If the air on thediaphragm `65is permitted to expand as 'for instance when the pump is operated, the Vspring 7 3 overpowers the diaphragm 65 and thrusts the valve 58 off/of itsseati Compressed air the controller connection 102 by means oiK the passageway 1 3. Thus, the.` controller 1 6 is subjected to he pressure existing in the reservoir 10, and the loweringv of the..

the axial passageway 104 andfrom there to 100 pressure to a predetermined minimum will' I05 operate to close' the motor circuit and to start/the compressor 14. When the pressure in the chamber 19 `(Figure 4)l drops to theV minimum it permits the spring 22 to drop the diaphragm piston 24. This causes actuation of the 'toggle mechanism which includes the levers 29 and 31, resulting in raising the movable contact 18 to engage the stationary contact 32 whereby the circuit is closed. By'thesame action the cut-off and 11=`5 unloading valve is shifted to -i-ts upper position as soon as maximum pressure. is* attained in the chamber.19, the reverse action of the controller elements takes place to' open the/circuit andtofshift the cut-offand unloading valve.

When it is desired to use the firel hose, .the valve handle -isthro'wn to the right bringing the plug valve 90 into the position hown in Fig. 11. This motion also v'produces a reduction in pressure in the con-4 troller 16 causing it to start the compressor at once. The handle 92 is moved to the right to the position indicated by the dotted line F shown in Figure 3. By such setting, lab

aeeaeea the pressure regulating valve is by-passed. As the rotary valve 90 is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 11, the port 106 will-come in communication with thepassageway 9T before the port 105 is in communication with the passage 96. As the passageway 97 communicates' with pipe 12 leading to the pump 1, the pressure in the controller connection drops due to the expansion of the airin pipev and chamber 65 into pipe 12 and pump 1. Thus, there is caused what may be termed a aflashoi' of pressure in the controller line 20 to close themotor circuit. This actionof the controller to start the compressor the' same as explained hereinbefor It will be 'noted that the reservoir communicates with the controller during this initial movement only through the restricted port 108 so that the vpressure in the controller line flashes over into the relatively low pressure line y12 before reservoir pressure can be restored. The automatic ycon.- troller is aiected thus only momentarily, but it will not cut out again until maximum pressure isreached. y

As the valve 90 comes to rest, as shown in Figure 11', the compressed ,air entering the inlet 53 fiows' into the chamber v8l, through the port `83 and into the passageway 94 where it passes through valve ports 105, 106. into 'the passageways 97 and 95. From the passageway 95, the comprsed air iiows through the port 84, the chamber 82 and through the outlet 54 and pipe 12 leading to the pump. Thus, a direct passageway independent of the pressure regulating valve is established from reservoir 10 to pump 1 without any disturbance of the adjustment of the pressure reducing valve. While this condition exists, the compresser-continues to operate until the pressure has been raised to maximum, whereupon'the controller is influenced to cut out the motor circuit. Atno position of the control valve, even in intermediate positions is there any danger of the reservoir being sure drop to' minimum after once having` blown up since the flash olf of pressure in the controller is only temporary and pressure of the reservoir is promptly restored upon the controller. The controller will also cut in said circuit again should thel presreached maximum.

When the hose 50 is no longer in use,the

handle 92p is switched back to normal position. vIt may be shifted over to tire filling position at one movement' if desired.

Assuming that the handle 92 is thrown to the left, 'to the position indicated by line T, the rotary valve 90 assumes the position shown in Figure 12.. In moving to such position, port 106 is closed oil"l and .port 105 starts to register with the t port 101 conf necting with the tire hose 49 through the outpermit said reduction vin pressure whereby the controller 16 isinH-uenced to start the ipe` 20 into compressor 14, the port 101 has been made;

larger than the passage 107 and port 108, wlth the result that the pressure in the controller passage'104 will be flashed-9H while the inflow of air is restricted by port 108. As 'soon as the iinal position of the valve is reached, the cont'rollerwill be freely in communication with the reservoirdand will act upon the attainment of maximum to sto the compressor. The pressure reducing va ve is meanwhile permitted to function without vdisturbance in reducing thev pressure supplied to the pump 1. t

l now wish to call atten ion to certain important as ects of the in ention and permissible` varlationsr in embodiment of the same. 4,llVhile I have illustrated the invention in 4,. Connection/ with a pneumatic water supplysystern, it is -to be understood that instead of the'lpump 1, another device or devices driven by compressed air may be substituted withoutafiecting the broad aspect of the invention. 1 In a similar manner, "a v`dierent device or connection for distributing -or'ausing compressed air at reservoir pressuregmay be substituted for the tire hose 49 without influencing the broad aspect ofj the ^invention. ltiis also possible under the broad aspect of the invention to separate the two functions of the controller valve 11, namely, thepressure reducingrunction and the by-pass and distributing function into eithertwo or three separate valves without departing from the broad spirit .oftv the invention, althoughcllvconsider that the combination` of these three functions into a single unitary structure provides an improved and highly advantageous device inthe art.

from theparf ,stead of the plug valve, whichl have shown.

However, I consider that thevalve which ll have shown is simple and reliable, andtis of a preferred type. rlhe control valve may be -provided with a remote control and pneumatic operating mechanism without departingfrom the broad spirit ot the invention. The automatic controller 16wh/ich ll lhave shown is adapted for controlling the elecif tric motor 15. .Howeven the specific form of' this controller is not of the essence of the present invention and other means than an electric circuit may be controlled to secure starting f the means which drives the compressor, or other means for recharging the reservoir 10. y v

I claim:

1. In combination, a compressor, a reservoir, an jautomatic controller for the compressor connected to the reservoir, and a control valve in communication with said connection for making a reduction in pressure in said connection to start the compressor said reduction being temporary only.

' 2. In combination, a reservoirgmeans for recharging the reservoir, a discharge pipe for the reservoir, an automatic controller for said means connectedto said reservoir, and a manually operable control valve in communication with said connection for making a temporary reduction in pressure upon said controller independently of the pressure in said reservoir said valve connecting the con-V troller to the discharge pipe.

^ v 3.1In combination, a compressor, a reservoir, an automatic controller connected to "said reservoir, a device driven by compressed air, a valve for applying pressure from the reservoir to said device, said valve having means for making a reduction of pressure on said controller independently of the pressure in the reservoir to cause the controller to start the compressor said valve providing a relatively free connection between the controller and said driven device, and a relatively restricting connection between sai reservoir and said connection.

, 4. In combination, a reservoir, a lcompressor,v an automatic controller for the compressor connected to the reservoir,a pipe for distributing compressed air from the reservolr, a pressurereducing valve in said pipe dividing the pipe into a high pressure portion an a low pressure portion and a lvalve u for connecting said pipe to said reservoir inde endently of' said reducing valve, said va ve having means -to influence the controller to start the compressor when the valve is opened, saidy means comprising a connection between the controller and said low ressu Aportion of the pipe;

5. n com mation, a reservoir, a compressor, an automatic controller governing starting and stopping of the compressor, a pneumatic device operating' at a pressure lower than reservoir pressure, areducing vulve between^the reservoirv and said device,

and a manual control valve for supplying voir, and a valve for connecting said pipe to' said reservoir, said valve having means for causing a reduction of pressure on the controller independently of the pressure in the reservoir to start the compressor lwhen the valve is opened.

8.- In combination, a reservoir, a compressor, an automatic controller forthe compressor, a pipe for distributing compressed air -from the reservoir, a control valveq for connecting the reservoir to said pipe, a con nection between the reservoir and the controller running through said valve, said valve having a restricted port adapted to be interposed between the reservoir andthe controller during the movement of the valve to a position to connect the reservoir and the pipe, l

9. In combination, a reservoir, a com# pressor, an automatic controller for the cornpressor, a pipe for distributing compressed air from the reservoir, a control valve for connecting the reservoir to said pipe, a connection between the reservoir andthe controller running through said valve, said valve interposing a restricted port between l the reservoir and the controller and opening a larger port between the controller and the pipe duringmotion of the valve to connect pressor, a ipe for distributing com ressed air from t e reservoir, a control va ve for v connecting the reservolr to said pipe., a conl nection between the reservoir and the controller running through said valve, said valve having` means to discharge the compressed air in the controller connection into the pipe before establishing full connection between the reservoir and the pipe.

11. In combination, a reservoir, a compressor, a controller, a pipe, a valve having three branch connections one Ileading to the reservoir, a second leading to the controller and a third leading to a distributing 'pipe Y' lltl and having means to establish a restrlcted connection between the first and second branch connections, and then an unrestricted connection between the secondv and third branch connections.

, 39 valve, both communicating with said lconifiaaaa l either of said latter connections.

ltll

13. A valve comprising a main casing having a diaphragm chamber, ap inlet connection, an outlet connection and a valve seat, a diaphragm for the chamber, a pressure reduclng valve for the valve seat actuated by the diaphragm, an auxiliary casing having a valve seat, a controller connection l and an air distributing connection, said latter connection having a distributing port in said seat, a passageway leading to the inlet connection and providing an inlet port on said seat, a valve cooperating with said valve seat, said valve having a controller passageway in constant communication withl the controller connection, a restricted port in the valve and an unrestricted port in the ,'troller passageway,-said valve being organized ,to register the restricted passageway with the inlet port when the unrestricted port is first brought into register with the distributing port., v

14. A -valve `comprising a main casing having a diaphragm chamber, an inlet con- ,nection, an outlet connection, and a valve seat, a diaphragm .for the chamber, a pressurereducing valvefor the valve seat' actuated by the diaphragm, an auxiliary casing secured. to the main casing, said auxiliary casing having a valve seat, a controller con-j nection and -an air distributing connection, said latter connection having a distributing portin said valve seat, a passa eway leading to the inlet connection provide with an inlet port on said valve seat, a passageway leading fto the outlet connection and vproviding an outlet port on said valve seat, a valve cooperating with said valve seat, said valve having a controller assageway in constant communication wit thev controller connection, a restricted port in the valve and an unrestricted port in the valve, bothfcommunioating with said controller passageway, said valve being organized to\ register therestricted passageway with the inlet port when the unrestricted port is 'first brought into register' mounted on the main casing, said auxiliary casing having a bore providing a valve seat for a tapered rotary valve, a passageway leading from an inlet port on said valve seat to the inlet connection in the main casing, a passageway leading from an outlet port on said valve seat to the outlet port in the main casing, and a rotary valve cooperating with said 'seat for establishing communication between said inlet and said outlet ports for by-passing the pressure reducing valve.

l16. In combination with a pumping system comprising a pump having a source of motivefiuid for operating the same, a control member comprising an adjustable pressure reducing valve in the motive fluid'line, and means independent of the adjustment of said valve for by-passing the motive fluid around said valve to feed motive fluid at higher pressure to the pump.

' 17. In combination, with a low pressure compressed air system comprising a pump having a source of compressed air for operating the same, a high pressure pipe connected to said source, a control valve comprising a pressure reducing valve connected to said pipe, a hi h pressure distributing pipe for compresse air, said control valve having manually controlled means for supplying air at high pressure to said distributing pipe while reducing the motive fluid to said pump.

18. In combination, with a low pressure compressed air system comprising a pump having a source of compressed air for operating the same, a'high pressure pipe connected to said source, a control valve comprising a pressure reducing valve connected to said pipe, a high pressure distributing pipe for compressed air, said control valve having manually controlled means for supplying air at high pressure to said distributing pipe rvwhile reducing the motive fluid to said pump, and ports controlled by said control `valve for by-passing the pressure reducing valve.

19. In combination with a pumping 'system comprising a pump having asource of motive fluid for operating the same, a high pressure outlet for motive fluid independent of said pump, a control valve comprising a pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the motive fluid supplied to said pump, and having manually controllable means for by-passing said pressure reducing valve to permit motive fluid to flow at a higher pressure to said pump, said means controlling a connection for diverting motive fluid to said independent outlet.

20. In combination, a pump, a reservoir,

llO

and a compressor therefor` acontroller for the compressor, a valve in the motive fluid line, said valve adapted to reduce the pressure to said pump, and means for by-pass- I' ing said valve to Iallow motive fluid at high pressure to flow to said pump, said means I affecting said controller to start the 'comrovidin" a red ced ressu're. to a Jort-ion b of said system and a control valve, s aid control valve havingmeansy for by-passing said reducingyalve and for reducing the pressure on said controller to cause starting of-the compressor.

22. In combination,

a pump haviing' a source of lmotive fluid and a, COIIIDI'BSSOI' therefor, a controller affected by a drop inl pressure of the motiveV fluid to start said compressor, a reducing valve for providing a reduced pressure to said pump, a cont-rol valve in operative relation with said 4reducing valve,` vsaid controller having, communication with said reducing valve through said controlvalve, said control valve hav- .,ing a position for by-passing the reducin valve, the movement of said valve to sai position causing ay reduction of the pressurein the controller line.

23. .In combination, a pump having' a 4source of mot-ive fluid and a compressor therefor, a controller affected by a drop in pressure ofthe motive fluid to start said compressor, areducing yvalve for providing a reduced pressureto said Ipump, la control valve having a pair of passages, corresponding ports on each side of said reducing valve for registefingwith said passages, said control valve havin passfages adapted to' register with one o? said firstv passages ,in advance of the others to cause a reduction of the' pressure in 'the controller before said reducing valve'is luy-passed.

24. In combination, a pump having a source jof motive fluid Vand al compressor therefor, a controllerJ in the motive fluid line,

a reducing valve' also in the motive fluid line for providing reduced pressure to said pump, a control valve connected with said reducing Valve, a passage insaid control valve subject to'pressure on the compressor side of said reducing valve, said controller having communication `with said'passage,

a second passage in said control valve having communication with the pump side o f said reducing valve, movement/of said con- 1 trol valve placing said passages in communication and. causing reduction ofrthe pressure in the controller line to start the con pressor. n i

.25. In combination, a pump, a

and a reservoir cgmpr'essor therefor, a controller con-` nectedhto the reservoir, a reducing valve forproviding reduced pressure to sald pump, an)

source of motive fluid and a compressor therefor, a controller in the motive Huid line, a reducing valve for providing reduced pressure to said pump, a valve having a passage subject to the pressure on the compressor side of said reducing valve, ran air Ioutlet adapted to have communication With initial movement-offsaid valve 'causing operation of theecontroller to start said compressor. J

27. In combination, a reservoir and a compressori therefor,a valve for transmitting motive fluidat reduced pressure, a second valve for providing ailow of motive fluid i at full pressure, and means for initiatin opieration ofthe compressor. inependent')7 of the pressure in`the reservoir upon operationy of said second valve.'

28. In combinatiomla compressor, a resservoir,n an 'automatic pressure controlled device normally directly connected through the said ypassage by movement of saidvalve, the

reservoir and governed by lthe reservoir pressure `for stopping and startin the compressor, anda manually operab e valv f r changingvthe connection of .said controler and for,making a 'temporary reduction in pressureupon saiddevice to start the compressor,v l d 29;;Incombination, a'compressor, a reservoir, an automatic pressure regulated governor under controlot the reservoir pressure for stopping and starting the compressor, a connection from said governor to'said tank, a distributing pipe for distributing air from the compressor, and a valve for exhaustinv the air in said goverpor connection into said distributing `pipe to cause a reduction upony the governor for startingl the compressor.

A 30. In combination, 'a compressor, a reservoir, an automatic pressure controlled goV- ernor for stopping and starting the compressor at definite-predetermined pressdres, said governor havmg a snap actuating means for starting the compressor' at minlmum.

pressure which 'is considerably less than the stopping pressure, and a manually operated valve for. causing said governor to 'start the.

compressor independently ofthe-.pressure in Athe reservoir, said governor when so actu,` ated stopping the compressor automatically upon the attainment ofV the predetermined maximum pressure in said reservoir. f

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 16th day of Aug.; 1 921.v

BURTQN s. frim/nin 

